客行新安道,喧呼聞點兵。
借問新安吏,縣小更無丁。
府帖昨夜下,次選中男行。
中男絕短小,何以守王城。
肥男有母送,瘦男獨伶俜。
白水暮東流,青山猶哭聲。
莫自使眼枯,收汝淚縱橫。
眼枯即見骨,天地終無情。
我軍取相州,日夕望其平。
豈意賊難料,歸軍星散營。
就糧近故壘,練卒依舊京。
掘壕不到水,牧馬役亦輕。
況乃王師順,撫養甚分明。
送行勿泣血,僕射如父兄。
客行新安道,喧呼聞點兵。
借問新安吏,縣小更無丁。
府帖昨夜下,次選中男行。
中男絕短小,何以守王城。
肥男有母送,瘦男獨伶俜。
白水暮東流,青山猶哭聲。
莫自使眼枯,收汝淚縱橫。
眼枯即見骨,天地終無情。
我軍取相州,日夕望其平。
豈意賊難料,歸軍星散營。
就糧近故壘,練卒依舊京。
掘壕不到水,牧馬役亦輕。
況乃王師順,撫養甚分明。
送行勿泣血,僕射如父兄。
我客行在新安道上,
聽見喧譁呼喝正在點兵。
借問新安的官吏,
回答縣小再無壯丁。
官府的文書昨夜下達,
依次徵選未成年的中男前行。
中男年紀極短小,
怎能去守衛王城?
胖些的男孩有母親送行,
瘦弱的男孩獨自孤零。
白水在暮色中東流,
青山間仿佛還有哭聲。
不要自己哭幹了眼睛,
收住你們縱橫的淚水。
眼睛枯竭就會露出骨頭,
天地終究是無情的。
我軍攻取相州,
日夜盼望其平定。
豈料賊情難以預料,
歸來的軍隊營寨星散。
就食靠近舊營壘,
練兵依舊在京城附近。
挖掘戰壕不到水深處,
牧馬的勞役也算輕。
何況王師是順天應人,
撫恤養育十分分明。
送行不要哭出血淚,
僕射將軍待你們如父兄。
Traveling on the road to Xin'an,
I hear clamor as troops are conscripted.
I ask an officer of Xin'an,
"The county is small, with no more adult men."
"The government order came last night,
Next, middle-aged boys are chosen to go."
These boys are extremely short and small,
How can they defend the royal city?
Plump boys have mothers to see them off,
Lean boys stand alone and forlorn.
The clear waters flow east at dusk,
The green hills still echo with weeping.
"Do not dry your eyes yourselves,
Hold back your streaming tears.
If eyes dry, the bone will show,
Heaven and earth are, in the end, without feeling.
Our army took Xiangzhou,
Day and night we hoped for its pacification.
Who could have foreseen the rebels' unpredictability?
The returning army scattered like stars from camp.
They draw rations near the old fortifications,
Drill troops as before near the capital.
Digging trenches not reaching water,
The duty of herding horses is also light.
Moreover, the royal army is righteous,
Their care and provision are very clear.
See them off without weeping blood,
The commander treats them like father and brother."
杜甫記安史之亂中徵兵慘狀。
詩人以天地無情之語,完成對戰爭苦難的終極治理追問。
杜甫通過新安徵兵場景,揭露戰亂時期兵役殘酷與民生疾苦,表達對百姓的深切同情。
點兵 · 中男 · 泣血
本詩為五言古詩,押平聲韻。
東山書院編輯整理