楩柟枯崢嶸,鄉黨皆莫記。
不知幾百歲,慘慘無生意。
上枝摩皇天,下根蟠厚地。
巨圍雷霆坼,萬孔蟲蟻萃。
凍雨落流膠,衝風奪佳氣。
白鵠遂不來,天雞為愁思。
猶含棟梁具,無復霄漢志。
良工古昔少,識者出涕淚。
種榆水中央,成長何容易。
截承金露盤,褭褭不自畏。
楩柟枯崢嶸,鄉黨皆莫記。
不知幾百歲,慘慘無生意。
上枝摩皇天,下根蟠厚地。
巨圍雷霆坼,萬孔蟲蟻萃。
凍雨落流膠,衝風奪佳氣。
白鵠遂不來,天雞為愁思。
猶含棟梁具,無復霄漢志。
良工古昔少,識者出涕淚。
種榆水中央,成長何容易。
截承金露盤,褭褭不自畏。
高大的楩楠樹枯瘦而高聳,
鄉里鄰居都已不記得它。
不知已有幾百歲,
悽慘地毫無生機。
上面的枝條摩挲著皇天,
下面的根須盤繞在厚地。
巨大的樹幹被雷霆劈裂,
萬千孔洞聚集著蟲蟻。
凍雨落下(帶出)流膠,
狂風奪走了它的美好氣息。
白鵠於是不再飛來,
天雞也爲之愁思。
(它)仍然具備棟樑之材,
卻不再有直衝雲霄的志向。
優秀的工匠古來就少,
識貨的人爲此流下眼淚。
(而)把榆樹種在水中央,
成長起來多麼容易?
(卻能被)截斷用來承接金露盤,
裊裊婷婷地不自知畏懼(喻小人得志)。
The tall nanmu trees stand withered and steep,
None in the village remember their keep.
Unknown how many centuries they've stood,
Gloomy and bleak, devoid of any good.
Their upper branches rub the imperial sky,
Their lower roots coil deep in earth nearby.
Their huge girth split by thunder's might,
Ten thousand holes gather insects in blight.
Freezing rain falls, sap flows like glue,
Gusty winds snatch their vital breath anew.
White swans thus come no more in flight,
Heavenly pheasants brood with sorrow's plight.
They still possess the makings of a beam,
But no more aspire to reach heaven's gleam.
Master craftsmen have been rare since olden days,
Those who recognize them shed tears of praise.
To plant an elm in water's central part,
How easily can it grow, a fragile art?
Yet cut to hold the golden dew plate tall,
Graceful and slender, it fears not at all.
杜甫以枯楠自況,抒懷才不遇之憤。
通過巨材與浮木的對比,深刻揭示了價值認知錯位下的人才悲劇。
描繪枯朽楠木的慘澹形態,寄託棟樑之材淪落的悲慨
崢嶸 · 慘慘 · 霄漢 · 良工 · 涕淚
本詩為五言古詩,押平聲韻。
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