生為同室親,死為同穴塵。
他人尚相勉,而況我與君。
黔婁固窮士,妻賢忘其貧。
冀缺一農夫,妻敬儼如賓。
陶潛不營生,翟氏自爨薪。
梁鴻不肯仕,孟光甘布帬。
君雖不讀書,此事耳亦聞。
至此千載後,傳是何如人。
人生未死間,不能忘其身。
所須者衣食,不過飽與溫。
蔬食足充飢,何必膏粱珍。
繒絮足禦寒,何必錦繡文。
君家有貽訓,清白遺子孫。
我亦貞苦士,與君新結婚。
庶保貧與素,偕老同欣欣。
生為同室親,死為同穴塵。
他人尚相勉,而況我與君。
黔婁固窮士,妻賢忘其貧。
冀缺一農夫,妻敬儼如賓。
陶潛不營生,翟氏自爨薪。
梁鴻不肯仕,孟光甘布帬。
君雖不讀書,此事耳亦聞。
至此千載後,傳是何如人。
人生未死間,不能忘其身。
所須者衣食,不過飽與溫。
蔬食足充飢,何必膏粱珍。
繒絮足禦寒,何必錦繡文。
君家有貽訓,清白遺子孫。
我亦貞苦士,與君新結婚。
庶保貧與素,偕老同欣欣。
活著是同住一室的親人,
死後是同葬一穴的塵土。
他人尚且互相勸勉,
何況是我與你呢?
黔婁本是安於貧賤的士人,
妻子賢惠使他忘卻貧窮。
冀缺不過一個農夫,
妻子敬重他如同賓客。
陶淵明不善營生,
妻子翟氏自己砍柴燒飯。
梁鴻不肯出仕爲官,
孟光甘願身著布裙。
你雖然不讀詩書,
這些事也該聽說過。
待到千年以後,
人們會傳頌我們是怎樣的人?
人生在未死之時,
不能忘了自身的操守。
所需要的不過是衣食,
只不過求個溫飽。
粗茶淡飯足以充飢,
何必追求珍饈美味?
絲綿足以禦寒,
何必奢求錦繡華服?
你家有遺留的訓誡:
將清白傳給子孫。
我也是個堅貞清苦之人,
與你新結爲夫妻。
但願能保持貧寒與樸素,
白頭偕老,共同歡欣。
Alive, we share one room as kin.
Dead, we'll be dust in the same tomb.
Others still urge each other on,
How much more should you and I?
Qian Lou was a steadfast poor scholar,
His virtuous wife forgot their poverty.
Ji Que was but a farmer,
His wife respected him as a guest.
Tao Qian did not manage livelihood,
His wife Zhai gathered firewood herself.
Liang Hong refused to serve as official,
Meng Guang gladly wore coarse skirts.
Though you, my love, do not read books,
You've surely heard of these tales.
A thousand years from now,
What kind of people will we be known as?
While living, before death comes,
One cannot forget one's own being.
What's needed is food and clothing,
Merely enough to be full and warm.
Vegetarian fare suffices to stave hunger,
Why must we have rich delicacies?
Silk wadding is enough to ward off cold,
Why must we have brocade's finery?
Your family has a bequeathed teaching:
Leave purity and honesty to descendants.
I too am a steadfast, austere man,
Newly married to you.
Hoping to preserve our poverty and simplicity,
Growing old together in shared joy.
白居易寫給新婚妻子的家訓詩。
詩中構建了以清貧爲內核的家族認同,以此抵禦世俗的價值博弈。
詩人以古代賢伉儷爲例,向妻子表達安貧樂道、相守偕老的生活理想。
同室親 · 相勉 · 偕老 · 充飢 · 禦寒
本詩為五言古詩,押平聲韻。
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