作者固已難,讀者亦未易。
有寶斯識寶,至寶況難值。
三家寠人子,豈辨瑚璉器。
鼠璞將見珍,周鼎或斡棄。
詩道誠難言,大要該六義。
其高出蒼天,其深潛厚地。
枯中發穠華,淡處有餘味。
似拙乃藏巧,借鈍以宣利。
開闊要波瀾,組織須經緯。
或險而莫親,或平而足貴。
圓轉各隨形,悟入非力至。
不止事吟哦,先須存興寄。
變態千萬端,勝處同一致。
以此而讀詩,庶得古人意。
作者固已難,讀者亦未易。
有寶斯識寶,至寶況難值。
三家寠人子,豈辨瑚璉器。
鼠璞將見珍,周鼎或斡棄。
詩道誠難言,大要該六義。
其高出蒼天,其深潛厚地。
枯中發穠華,淡處有餘味。
似拙乃藏巧,借鈍以宣利。
開闊要波瀾,組織須經緯。
或險而莫親,或平而足貴。
圓轉各隨形,悟入非力至。
不止事吟哦,先須存興寄。
變態千萬端,勝處同一致。
以此而讀詩,庶得古人意。
作者固然已經很難得,
讀者其實也不容易。
有寶物才能識別寶物,
最珍貴的寶物更是難以遇到。
像三家窮人家的孩子,
怎能辨別瑚璉這樣的禮器?
鼠璞(似玉的石頭)可能被珍視,
而周鼎(珍貴的青銅器)或許被拋棄。
詩道確實難以言說,
大要在於包含'六義'。
它高遠超出蒼天,
它深邃潛藏厚地。
在枯寂中能開出繁盛的花朵,
在平淡處蘊含著悠長的餘味。
看似笨拙實則內藏巧妙,
借用鈍拙來宣示利達。
開闊處要有波瀾起伏,
組織結構須有經緯縱橫。
有的險峻而令人難以親近,
有的平易而足可珍貴。
圓轉變化各自隨其形態,
悟入其中並非強力所能達到。
不止是從事吟詠推敲,
首先必須存有興寄(情感寄託)。
姿態變化有千萬種,
但精妙之處有著共同一致的道理。
用這樣的方法去讀詩,
或許就能領會古人的意旨了。
Hard it is to be a writer, indeed,
Nor is it easy to be a proper reader.
Only with treasure can one treasure heed,
And the rarest gem is harder to meter.
Like paupers' sons from three poor families,
Who could discern the sacrificial vessels' worth?
A rat-shaped jade may be prized by degrees,
While a Zhou tripod might be cast to earth.
The Way of Poetry is hard to define,
Its essence lies in the Six Principles, I'd say.
It soars higher than the azure sky's design,
And delves deeper than the solid earth's clay.
From barrenness, luxuriant blooms arise;
In blandness, a lingering flavor lies.
Clumsiness may conceal a clever guise,
And bluntness can serve to sharpen enterprise.
Open and vast, it needs waves' ebb and flow;
Woven tight, warp and weft must intertwine.
Some steep and aloof, hard for minds to know,
Some plain yet precious, a genuine sign.
Round or square, each follows its own form;
Enlightenment comes not by force, but norm.
Not merely chanting lines in a verse storm,
One must first harbor feeling, deep and warm.
Myriad are its changes and its face,
Yet its finest essence shares one common grace.
Read poetry in this light, and you'll trace
The ancients' meaning, finding its rightful place.
文本的認同構建,是作者與讀者間的複雜博弈。
論說詩歌創作與鑑賞皆非易事,強調雙向的艱難。
本詩為五言古詩,押平聲韻。
東山書院編輯整理