蜀门多棕榈,高者十八九。
其皮割剥甚,虽众亦易朽。
徒布如云叶,青黄岁寒后。
交横集斧斤,凋丧先蒲柳。
伤时苦军乏,一物官尽取。
嗟尔江汉人,生成复何有。
有同枯棕木,使我沈叹久。
死者即已休,生者何自守。
啾啾黄雀啅,侧见寒蓬走。
念尔形影干,摧残没藜莠。
蜀门多棕榈,高者十八九。
其皮割剥甚,虽众亦易朽。
徒布如云叶,青黄岁寒后。
交横集斧斤,凋丧先蒲柳。
伤时苦军乏,一物官尽取。
嗟尔江汉人,生成复何有。
有同枯棕木,使我沈叹久。
死者即已休,生者何自守。
啾啾黄雀啅,侧见寒蓬走。
念尔形影干,摧残没藜莠。
蜀地多有棕榈树,
高的十有八九。
它的树皮被割剥得太厉害,
即使数量众多也容易枯朽。
空自展开如云的叶子,
经过岁寒之后由青变黄。
(枝干)交错横斜招来了斧头,
凋零败落比蒲柳还早。
感伤时局苦于军用匮乏,
任何一物官府都要全部取走。
可叹你们江汉的百姓,
生产出来的又还能有什么?
(命运)有如这枯槁的棕木,
使我沉痛叹息良久。
死去的人已经安息,
活着的人如何自保?
啾啾叫的黄雀在啄食,
侧目看见寒天的蓬草飞走。
想到你们形销影枯,
受尽摧残埋没在野草之中。
The Shu region has many palm trees tall,
Eight or nine out of ten grow high overall.
Their bark is stripped and cut excessively,
Though numerous, they decay easily.
In vain they spread leaves like clouds in the sky,
Green turning yellow after winter goes by.
Crisscrossed, they meet the axe's blow,
Withering before the willow, early to go.
Grieving for the times, plagued by army's need,
Every single thing by officials is seized.
Alas, you people of Jiang and Han,
What do you have left from the land you span?
Just like this dried-up palm tree's fate,
You make me sigh deeply, contemplate.
The dead are already at rest,
How can the living stand the test?
Sparrows chirp as they peck and feed,
I see cold tumbleweeds drift with speed.
Thinking of your dried-up form and shade,
Destroyed, buried in weeds, your fate is laid.
杜甫借枯棕揭露官府横征暴敛。
诗作直指资源汲取的治理模式对民间生机的彻底摧毁。
借枯棕被剥皮摧残的遭遇,揭露战乱时期官府横征暴敛、民生凋敝的惨状。
割剥 · 凋丧 · 军乏 · 官尽取 · 形影干 · 摧残
本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理