古时杜宇称望帝,魂作杜鹃何微细。
跳枝窜叶树木中,抢佯瞥捩雌随雄。
毛衣惨黑貌憔悴,众鸟安肯相尊崇。
隳形不敢栖华屋,短翮唯愿巢深丛。
穿皮啄朽觜欲秃,苦饥始得食一虫。
谁言养雏不自哺,此语亦足为愚蒙。
声音咽咽如有谓,号啼略与婴儿同。
口干垂血转迫促,似欲上诉于苍穹。
蜀人闻之皆起立,至今𢽾学传遗风。
迺知变化不可穷,岂知昔日居深宫,嫔嫱左右如花红。
古时杜宇称望帝,魂作杜鹃何微细。
跳枝窜叶树木中,抢佯瞥捩雌随雄。
毛衣惨黑貌憔悴,众鸟安肯相尊崇。
隳形不敢栖华屋,短翮唯愿巢深丛。
穿皮啄朽觜欲秃,苦饥始得食一虫。
谁言养雏不自哺,此语亦足为愚蒙。
声音咽咽如有谓,号啼略与婴儿同。
口干垂血转迫促,似欲上诉于苍穹。
蜀人闻之皆起立,至今𢽾学传遗风。
迺知变化不可穷,岂知昔日居深宫,嫔嫱左右如花红。
古时杜宇被称为望帝,
魂魄化作杜鹃多么微细。
在树木中跳枝窜叶,
抢佯瞥捩,雌鸟跟随雄鸟。
羽毛惨黑,容貌憔悴,
众鸟怎肯对它尊崇?
形体毁损不敢栖息华屋,
短翅只愿在深丛筑巢。
穿破树皮啄食朽木嘴都快秃了,
苦苦挨饿才得到一只虫吃。
谁说它养育幼雏不自已哺喂?
这话也足以算是愚昧不明。
声音呜咽好像有所诉说,
号叫啼哭大致与婴儿相同。
口干垂血,转而更加急促,
仿佛想要向上天申诉。
蜀人听到这声音都肃然起立,
至今效仿学习,传承遗风。
这才知道变化不可穷尽,
岂知它昔日居住在深宫,
左右嫔妃如鲜花般红艳。
In ancient times, Du Yu was called Emperor Wang.
His soul became a cuckoo—how frail and slight!
It hops through branches, darts amid leaves' throng,
Darting, feigning, glancing, twisting, female following male in flight.
Its plumage dreary black, its appearance gaunt and worn;
How would other birds honor it with esteem?
Ruined in form, it dares not perch in halls ornate and adorned,
With short wings, it only wishes to nest in deep thickets, it seems.
Pecking through bark, drilling decay, its beak grows almost bare;
Bitter hunger at last grants it one insect to eat.
Who says it does not feed its own young? Such talk
Is enough to be deemed foolish and incomplete.
Its voice, choking and sobbing, seems to have something to tell;
Its wailing cries are somewhat like an infant's own.
Mouth parched, dripping blood, its urgency grows and swells,
As if wishing to plead its case to the vaulted sky alone.
The people of Shu, hearing it, all rise and stand;
To this day they imitate and learn, passing on this legacy.
Then one knows transformations are boundless, beyond command—
Who would have known it once dwelt in deep palaces, formerly,
With palace ladies left and right like flowers red?
杜甫借杜鹃啼血喻失位君王。
诗以微禽喻帝魂,揭示了权力更迭中认知结构的彻底颠覆。
借杜鹃传说抒写身世飘零之悲,以鸟喻人寄托孤愤之情。
微细 · 惨黑 · 苦饥 · 咽咽 · 迫促
本诗为七言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理