生为同室亲,死为同穴尘。
他人尚相勉,而况我与君。
黔娄固穷士,妻贤忘其贫。
冀缺一农夫,妻敬俨如宾。
陶潜不营生,翟氏自爨薪。
梁鸿不肯仕,孟光甘布裙。
君虽不读书,此事耳亦闻。
至此千载后,传是何如人。
人生未死间,不能忘其身。
所须者衣食,不过饱与温。
蔬食足充饥,何必膏粱珍。
缯絮足御寒,何必锦绣文。
君家有贻训,清白遗子孙。
我亦贞苦士,与君新结婚。
庶保贫与素,偕老同欣欣。
生为同室亲,死为同穴尘。
他人尚相勉,而况我与君。
黔娄固穷士,妻贤忘其贫。
冀缺一农夫,妻敬俨如宾。
陶潜不营生,翟氏自爨薪。
梁鸿不肯仕,孟光甘布裙。
君虽不读书,此事耳亦闻。
至此千载后,传是何如人。
人生未死间,不能忘其身。
所须者衣食,不过饱与温。
蔬食足充饥,何必膏粱珍。
缯絮足御寒,何必锦绣文。
君家有贻训,清白遗子孙。
我亦贞苦士,与君新结婚。
庶保贫与素,偕老同欣欣。
活着是同住一室的亲人,
死后是同葬一穴的尘土。
他人尚且互相劝勉,
何况是我与你呢?
黔娄本是安于贫贱的士人,
妻子贤惠使他忘却贫穷。
冀缺不过一个农夫,
妻子敬重他如同宾客。
陶渊明不善营生,
妻子翟氏自己砍柴烧饭。
梁鸿不肯出仕为官,
孟光甘愿身着布裙。
你虽然不读诗书,
这些事也该听说过。
待到千年以后,
人们会传颂我们是怎样的人?
人生在未死之时,
不能忘了自身的操守。
所需要的不过是衣食,
只不过求个温饱。
粗茶淡饭足以充饥,
何必追求珍馐美味?
丝绵足以御寒,
何必奢求锦绣华服?
你家有遗留的训诫:
将清白传给子孙。
我也是个坚贞清苦之人,
与你新结为夫妻。
但愿能保持贫寒与朴素,
白头偕老,共同欢欣。
Alive, we share one room as kin.
Dead, we'll be dust in the same tomb.
Others still urge each other on,
How much more should you and I?
Qian Lou was a steadfast poor scholar,
His virtuous wife forgot their poverty.
Ji Que was but a farmer,
His wife respected him as a guest.
Tao Qian did not manage livelihood,
His wife Zhai gathered firewood herself.
Liang Hong refused to serve as official,
Meng Guang gladly wore coarse skirts.
Though you, my love, do not read books,
You've surely heard of these tales.
A thousand years from now,
What kind of people will we be known as?
While living, before death comes,
One cannot forget one's own being.
What's needed is food and clothing,
Merely enough to be full and warm.
Vegetarian fare suffices to stave hunger,
Why must we have rich delicacies?
Silk wadding is enough to ward off cold,
Why must we have brocade's finery?
Your family has a bequeathed teaching:
Leave purity and honesty to descendants.
I too am a steadfast, austere man,
Newly married to you.
Hoping to preserve our poverty and simplicity,
Growing old together in shared joy.
白居易写给新婚妻子的家训诗。
诗中构建了以清贫为内核的家族认同,以此抵御世俗的价值博弈。
诗人以古代贤伉俪为例,向妻子表达安贫乐道、相守偕老的生活理想。
同室亲 · 相勉 · 偕老 · 充饥 · 御寒
本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理