闲日一思旧,旧游如目前。
再思今何在,零落归下泉。
退之服硫黄,一病讫不痊。
微之炼秋石,未老身溘然。
杜子得丹诀,终日断腥膻。
崔君夸药力,经冬不衣绵。
或疾或暴夭,悉不过中年。
唯予不服食,老命反迟延。
况在少壮时,亦为嗜欲牵。
但耽荤与血,不识汞与铅。
饥来吞热物,渴来饮寒泉。
诗役五藏神,酒汨三丹田。
随日合破坏,至今粗完全。
齿牙未缺落,肢体尚轻便。
已开第七秩,饱食仍安眠。
且进杯中物,其余皆付天。
闲日一思旧,旧游如目前。
再思今何在,零落归下泉。
退之服硫黄,一病讫不痊。
微之炼秋石,未老身溘然。
杜子得丹诀,终日断腥膻。
崔君夸药力,经冬不衣绵。
或疾或暴夭,悉不过中年。
唯予不服食,老命反迟延。
况在少壮时,亦为嗜欲牵。
但耽荤与血,不识汞与铅。
饥来吞热物,渴来饮寒泉。
诗役五藏神,酒汨三丹田。
随日合破坏,至今粗完全。
齿牙未缺落,肢体尚轻便。
已开第七秩,饱食仍安眠。
且进杯中物,其余皆付天。
闲来一日思念旧友,
昔日交游如在眼前。
再想他们今在何处?
零落归于九泉之下。
韩退之(愈)服食硫黄,
一病之后终未痊愈。
元微之(稹)炼制秋石,
未老之身忽然去世。
杜子(元颖)得到丹诀,
终日断绝腥膻。
崔君(玄亮)夸耀药力,
经冬不穿棉衣。
有的患病有的暴亡,
全都未过中年。
唯有我不服食丹药,
年老的生命反而延长。
何况我在少壮之时,
也曾被嗜欲所牵。
只沉溺荤腥血肉,
不识汞与铅为何物。
饿了就吞吃热食,
渴了就饮用寒泉。
作诗役使五脏之神,
饮酒扰乱三丹田。
按理应随日月毁坏,
至今却大体完全。
牙齿尚未缺落,
肢体尚且轻便。
已过七十岁,
饱食仍能安眠。
且先饮尽杯中物,
其余一切都交付上天。
On a leisure day, I think of old friends.
Past travels appear before my eyes.
Thinking again, where are they now?
Scattered and fallen, returned to the springs below.
Tuizhi took sulfur,
Fell ill and never recovered.
Weizhi refined autumn minerals,
Died suddenly before growing old.
Du Zi obtained alchemical secrets,
Abstained from meat and strong flavors all day.
Cui Jun boasted of his medicine's power,
Went through winter without padded clothes.
Some sickened, some died abruptly,
None passed middle age.
Only I have not taken elixirs,
Yet my old life drags on.
Moreover, in my youth and prime,
I too was led by cravings and desires.
I only indulged in meat and blood,
Knew nothing of cinnabar and lead.
Hungry, I swallowed hot foods.
Thirsty, I drank cold spring water.
Poetry taxed the spirits of my five viscera.
Wine muddled my three cinnabar fields.
Destined to decay day by day,
Yet until now I'm roughly whole.
Teeth not yet missing or loose,
Limbs still light and agile.
I have already entered my seventies,
Eat my fill and still sleep soundly.
For now, I'll advance the cup's contents,
And leave all else to Heaven.
白居易反思友人服丹早逝,自述养生观。
通过对比揭示生命周期的偶然,体现对长生术的理性认知。
诗人通过对比友人服食丹药早逝与自身不事养生反得长寿的经历,表达对道家炼丹术的质疑与对自然生活的肯定。
思旧 · 零落 · 服食 · 迟延 · 嗜欲 · 安眠
本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理