田家少闲月,五月人倍忙。
夜来南风起,小麦覆陇黄。
妇姑荷箪食,童穉携壶浆。
相随饷田去,丁壮在南冈。
足蒸暑土气,背灼炎天光。
力尽不知热,但惜夏日长。
复有贫妇人,抱子在其傍。
右手秉遗穗,左臂悬敝筐。
听其相顾言,闻者为悲伤。
家田输税尽,拾此充饥肠。
今我何功德,曾不事农桑。
吏禄三百石,岁晏有余粮。
念此私自愧尽日不能忘。
田家少闲月,五月人倍忙。
夜来南风起,小麦覆陇黄。
妇姑荷箪食,童穉携壶浆。
相随饷田去,丁壮在南冈。
足蒸暑土气,背灼炎天光。
力尽不知热,但惜夏日长。
复有贫妇人,抱子在其傍。
右手秉遗穗,左臂悬敝筐。
听其相顾言,闻者为悲伤。
家田输税尽,拾此充饥肠。
今我何功德,曾不事农桑。
吏禄三百石,岁晏有余粮。
念此私自愧尽日不能忘。
农家很少有清闲的月份,
五月里人们加倍繁忙。
夜里刮起南风,
覆盖田垄的小麦一片金黄。
妇女们挑着竹篮盛的饭食,
孩童提着壶装的汤水。
相互跟随去给田里人送饭,
青壮年劳力都在南冈劳作。
双脚受着地面暑气的熏蒸,
脊背受着炎阳光的炙烤。
力气用尽也不觉得炎热,
只是珍惜夏日天长。
又有一个贫苦的妇人,
抱着孩子站在他们旁边。
右手拾着遗落的麦穗,
左臂挎着破旧的筐子。
听她回头对人说话,
听见的人都为她悲伤。
家里的田地因缴纳租税卖光了,
只好拾这麦穗充填饥肠。
如今我有什么功劳德行,
却从不从事农耕蚕桑。
每年领取三百石俸禄,
到了年底还有余粮。
想到这些私下感到惭愧,整日不能忘怀。
Farming households have few idle months,
In the fifth month, people are doubly busy.
Last night a south wind arose,
Wheat covering the ridges turned yellow.
Women carry basket meals,
Children bring pots of drink.
Following each other to feed the field workers,
The strong men are on the southern ridge.
Feet steam in the hot soil's breath,
Backs scorch under the blazing sky's light.
Strength spent, they don't know the heat,
Only cherish the summer day's length.
Again there is a poor woman,
Holding a child beside them.
In her right hand she holds leftover ears,
On her left arm hangs a worn-out basket.
Listening to her words as she looks around,
Those who hear are filled with sorrow.
"Our family's land, all paid in taxes,
We pick these to fill our hungry bellies."
Now what merit have I,
Who never engaged in farming or mulberry work?
An official's salary of three hundred dan,
At year's end I have surplus grain.
Thinking of this, in private I feel shame, all day I cannot forget.
白居易目睹农民劳苦与赋税沉重,自省官禄。
诗歌通过强烈的对比,展现了社会资源分配中的治理困境与道德张力。
描绘五月农忙时节农民辛苦劳作与贫妇拾穗充饥的艰辛,表达诗人对民生疾苦的同情与自愧。
刈麦 · 输税 · 饥肠
本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理