安边

作者: 袁燮(宋) 体裁:五言古诗

全宋诗热度:
★★☆☆☆
袁燮作品热度:
★★★★☆

诗歌内容

安边在良将,至矣晁生语。

边疆无良臣,胡能固吾圉。

孰为国之良,四德贵兼取。

智能制勍敌,仁能抚军旅。

勇足任爪牙,忠足寄心膂。

信哉人中杰,勋名在王府。

斯人世不乏,感会待明主。

艺祖英睿资,一剑定区宇。

愤彼敌人骄,求我万虎侣。

三边十四将,人人奋材武。

威名被草木,折冲自樽俎。

当年宠遇隆,哙等莫为伍。

关市擅征榷,金帛丰赐予。

机要时面陈,延见虚当宁。

天颜对咫尺,殿坐得容与。

等级忘尊卑,亲爱均肺腑。

久戍二十载,近亦十寒暑。

汉超守关南,贩鬻如巨贾。

法令安有此,优诏特听许。

进也治居第,𤭁瓦覆其宇。

有司每坠执,视进等儿女。

府库有余蓄,捐弃如粪土。

犒赏饫牛酒,骁雄率鼓舞。

贪夫冒绝险,敌情毕亲睹。

阴谋数侵犯,先事严备御。

师徒虽不多,勇悍莫予侮。

攻伐虽不闻,威德自周普。

乃知安疆策,保境功最钜。

汉高岂不伟,平城亦良苦。

卑词结和亲,金缯奉骄虏。

何如我宋兴,主圣群龙辅。

北人先屈膝,兹事掩前古。

方今虽治平,彻桑未阴雨。

和好宁可恃,人材要多贮。

古来蕞尔国,拔十且得五。

蜀有关及张,吴用周与鲁。

多士今如林,错薪刈其楚。

勿由权要门,要以公论举。

会当略细苛,毋使畏网罟。

深宏植本根,周密固牖户。

恩荣有感激,施设无龃龉。

闻昔淳化中,有臣曰承矩。

方田遏敌骑,塘泺深险阻。

当其建策初,群议亦交沮。

皇心断不惑,边城迄按堵。

往事可为则,明时岂无处。

规模要经久,废阙要纫补。

器械要习熟,人民要生聚。

委任果不疑,谗言敢轻吐。

守卫果得人,成功要有叙。

孰为当今时,视我开基祖。

白话文翻译

安定边疆在于有优秀的将领,

晁错的话真是说到了极致。

边疆没有贤良的臣子,

怎能巩固我们的边防?

什么样的人是国家的良才?四种品德贵在兼备。

智慧能够制服强敌,仁爱能够安抚军队。

勇猛足以担任爪牙之任,忠诚足以寄托心腹之托。

确实是人群中的豪杰,功勋名声记录在王府。

这样的人世间并不缺乏,

只等待明主的赏识和际遇。

太祖皇帝英明睿智,

凭一剑平定了天下。

愤恨那些敌人的骄横,

寻求我方如万虎般的盟友。

三处边境的十四位将领,

人人奋发施展才能与武艺。

威名遍及草木,

制胜于樽俎之间(指外交场合)。

当年恩宠待遇隆厚,

连樊哙等人也无法相比。

掌管关市征收专卖税,

金银绢帛丰厚地赏赐。

机密要务时常当面陈奏,

延请觐见,虚席以待。

天子的容颜近在咫尺,

殿上坐席从容舒适。

忘记了等级的尊卑,

亲爱之情如同肺腑至亲。

长期戍守达二十年,

近的也有十年寒暑。

汉超镇守关南,

经商贩卖如同大商人。

法令怎会允许这样?

特颁优诏予以准许。

进(指某将领)修建宅第,

用琉璃瓦覆盖屋顶。

有关部门常常放松执法,

看待进如同自己的儿女。

府库中有多余的积蓄,

挥弃如同粪土。

用牛肉美酒犒赏,

骁勇雄健的将士无不欢欣鼓舞。

贪图功名的人冒险深入绝境,

敌情全部亲自侦察清楚。

敌人多次阴谋侵犯,

我方事先严密防备。

军队虽然数量不多,

但勇猛强悍,无人敢欺侮。

进攻征伐虽不常闻,

威望德行自然周遍广布。

于是知道安定边疆的策略,

保卫国境的功劳最为巨大。

汉高祖难道不伟大吗?

但平城之围也着实辛苦。

用谦卑的言辞结和亲,

奉献金银丝绢给骄横的胡虏。

哪像我们大宋兴起时,

君主圣明,群龙辅佐。

北方人率先屈膝臣服,

此事超越了前古。

如今虽然天下太平,

但要在未下雨时修补桑树(喻防患未然)。

和约难道可以依赖吗?

人才要多加储备。

古来即使是小国,

选拔十人也能得到五个贤才。

蜀国有关羽和张飞,

吴国任用周瑜和鲁肃。

如今贤士多如林木,

砍柴要割取其中的荆楚(喻选拔精英)。

不要经由权贵之门,

而要以公众舆论来举荐。

应当忽略细小苛责,

不要让他们畏惧法网。

深深培植根本,

周密加固门窗。

恩宠荣誉能使人感激,

措施施行没有抵触。

听说昔日淳化年间,

有位臣子叫承矩。

用方田阻挡敌军骑兵,

池塘沼泽造成深险阻隔。

当他提出建议之初,

众人议论纷纷阻挠。

皇帝内心坚决不惑,

边境城池最终安定。

往事可以作为准则,

清明时代岂会没有此类人才?

规划要经久长远,

废弛缺失要缝补修复。

兵器器械要操练熟习,

人民要繁殖聚集。

如果委任果然毫不怀疑,

谗言怎敢轻易吐露?

如果守卫果然得到合适人选,

成功自然会有序达成。

谁是当今这个时代,

能比肩我们开国祖先的人?

英文翻译

To secure the border, a good general is key,

So said Chao Cuo, and his words are indeed true.

Without loyal ministers guarding the frontier,

How can we defend our land, firm and secure?

Who are the nation's worthy men? Four virtues they must combine:

Wisdom to subdue fierce foes, benevolence to soothe the ranks.

Courage to serve as sharp claws, loyalty to be the heart and spine.

Truly, they are heroes among men, their feats recorded in royal annals.

Such men are never lacking in this world,

Awaiting a wise lord to meet and employ.

Our founding emperor, endowed with brilliance and might,

With a single sword, he unified the realm.

Angered by the enemy's arrogance,

He sought ten thousand tiger-like allies.

Fourteen generals across three borders,

Each displayed valor and martial skill.

Their fame spread through grass and trees,

Victory was won from feasts and talks.

In those days, favor was abundant,

Even Huan and his peers were no match.

They controlled tariffs at passes and markets,

Gold and silk were lavishly bestowed.

Important matters were reported face to face,

Summoned to court, they stood before the throne.

The emperor's face was but a foot away,

In the hall, they sat at ease.

Rank and status forgot high and low,

Affection was shared like kin and flesh.

Long garrisoned for twenty years,

Or at least a decade of cold and heat.

Han Chao guarded south of the pass,

Trading like a great merchant.

How could laws allow such acts?

Special edicts granted permission.

Jin also built his residence,

With glazed tiles covering his roof.

Officials often dropped strict enforcement,

Treating Jin like their own children.

The treasury had surplus stores,

Spent freely as if dirt and dust.

Feasts with beef and wine rewarded troops,

Brave warriors all cheered and danced.

Greedy men risked deadly perils,

Enemy situations fully observed.

Though plots for invasion were many,

Preparations were strict and thorough.

Though troops were not numerous,

Their bravery none dared insult.

Though attacks were seldom heard,

Their might and virtue spread far and wide.

Thus we know the plan to secure borders,

Protecting the realm is the greatest feat.

Was Emperor Gaozu of Han not great?

Yet at Pingcheng he suffered much.

With humble words he made peace through marriage,

Offering gold and silk to the arrogant foe.

How unlike our Song's rise to power,

With a sage lord and dragons as aides.

Northerners knelt first in submission,

This deed surpasses ancient times.

Though now the land is peaceful and well-governed,

Mend the roof before the rain comes.

Can peace accords be relied upon?

We must store up more talents.

Since ancient times, even tiny states,

Selecting ten, could find five worthy men.

Shu had Guan Yu and Zhang Fei,

Wu employed Zhou Yu and Lu Su.

Many scholars now stand like a forest,

Cut the firewood, pick the finest wood.

Do not go through doors of power and favor,

But raise them through public discourse.

We should overlook minor faults,

Lest they fear the net of law.

Deeply plant the roots of foundation,

Securely fasten doors and windows.

Grace and honor will stir gratitude,

Measures taken will face no discord.

I hear in the Chunhua era past,

There was a minister named Cheng Ju.

He used square fields to halt enemy cavalry,

Ponds and marshes made deep and perilous.

When he first proposed his strategy,

Many voices opposed and argued.

The emperor's mind was firm, not swayed,

The border towns remained secure.

Past deeds can serve as models,

In bright times, is there no place for them?

Plans must be made to last long,

Deficiencies must be mended and repaired.

Weapons must be practiced and familiar,

The people must multiply and gather.

If appointment is truly without doubt,

How dare slanderous words be lightly uttered?

If guardians are indeed the right men,

Success will surely be recorded.

Who, in these present times,

Can look to our founding ancestor?

深度解构

点明边防稳定的关键在于人才,涉及治理核心。

诗意解析

诗意概括

强调良将对于安定边疆的极端重要性。

《安边》主题、情感、意象与语气

主题: 政治 · 战争 · 边塞

情感: 豪迈 · 沉郁 · 忧愤

意象: · · · · ·

语气: 典雅 · 雄浑 · 沉郁

格律

平平仄平○,仄仄平平仄。
平平平平平,平平仄平仄。
仄平仄平平,仄仄仄○仄。
仄平仄平仄,平平仄平仄。
仄仄平仄平,平仄仄平仄。
仄平平○仄,平平仄○仄。
平平仄仄仄,仄仄仄平仄。
仄仄平仄平,仄仄仄平仄。
仄仄仄平平,平仄仄仄仄。
○平仄仄○,平平仄平仄。
平平仄仄仄,○平仄平仄。
○平仄仄平,仄仄仄平仄。
平仄仄平仄,平仄平仄仄。
平仄平仄平,平仄平○平。
平平仄仄仄,仄仄仄平仄。
仄仄仄平平,○仄平仄仄。
仄仄仄仄仄,仄仄仄平仄。
仄平仄平平,仄仄○仄仄。
仄仄平仄仄,平仄仄○仄。
仄仄仄平仄,仄仄仄○仄。
仄○仄仄仄,仄仄仄平仄。
仄仄仄平仄,平仄○仄仄。
仄仄仄平仄,平平仄仄仄。
平平仄仄仄,仄平仄○仄。
平平仄平仄,平仄平仄仄。
平平平仄平,仄仄仄仄仄。
平仄平仄○,平仄仄平仄。
仄平平平仄,仄仄平仄仄。
仄平仄仄仄,平平仄平仄。
平平仄○○,平平仄平仄。
平○仄仄○,仄仄平平仄。
仄平平仄仄,平仄仄平仄。
平平平仄平,仄平仄平仄。
○仄平仄仄,平平仄平仄。
仄平仄仄仄,仄仄○仄仄。
仄仄平仄○,平仄平仄仄。
平仄平○平,仄平仄○仄。
仄平平仄平,仄仄平○仄。
仄○仄仄平,平仄仄仄仄。
○平仄仄平,平仄仄仄仄。
平平仄仄仄,仄仄平平○。
○仄平仄○,仄平仄平仄。
平平仄仄○,平仄○仄仄。
○○仄仄平,平仄仄平仄。
平平仄仄仄,平平仄仄仄。
仄仄仄平仄,平平仄平仄。
平平仄平仄,仄仄仄平仄。
仄仄仄仄仄,平平仄平仄。
仄平仄仄平,○平仄○仄。
仄仄仄仄平,平平仄仄仄。
仄平○平平,仄仄平平仄。

本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。

袁燮生平简介

袁燮(1144—1224),字和叔,号絜斋,南宋明州鄞县(今浙江宁波)人。他是南宋中期重要的理学家、教育家,与杨简、舒璘、沈焕并称“明州四先生”或“淳熙四先生”,是陆九渊心学在浙东的重要传人。其学术思想以心为本,强调发明本心、躬行实践,文学创作亦服务于其心学理念与经世主张。

浏览袁燮全部宋诗与作者介绍 →

东山书院编辑整理