田家种糯官酿酒,榷利秋毫升与斗。
酒沽得钱糟弃物,大屋经年堆欲朽。
酒醅瀺灂如沸汤,东风来吹酒瓮香。
累累罂与瓶,惟恐不得尝。
官沽味𬪩村酒薄,日饮官酒诚可乐。
不见田中种糯人,釜无糜粥度冬春。
还来就官买糟食,官吏散糟以为德。
嗟彼官吏者,其职称长民。
衣食不蚕耕,所学义与仁。
仁当养人义适宜,言可闻达力可施。
上不能宽国之利,下不能饱尔之饥。
我饮酒,尔食糟。
尔虽不我责,我责何由逃。
田家种糯官酿酒,榷利秋毫升与斗。
酒沽得钱糟弃物,大屋经年堆欲朽。
酒醅瀺灂如沸汤,东风来吹酒瓮香。
累累罂与瓶,惟恐不得尝。
官沽味𬪩村酒薄,日饮官酒诚可乐。
不见田中种糯人,釜无糜粥度冬春。
还来就官买糟食,官吏散糟以为德。
嗟彼官吏者,其职称长民。
衣食不蚕耕,所学义与仁。
仁当养人义适宜,言可闻达力可施。
上不能宽国之利,下不能饱尔之饥。
我饮酒,尔食糟。
尔虽不我责,我责何由逃。
农家种植糯米,官府用来酿酒;
官府垄断酒利,计量秋毫之斗。
卖酒获得钱财,酒糟却被废弃;
大屋之中堆积多年,几乎快要腐朽。
正在发酵的酒醅,翻腾如同沸水;
东风吹来,酒坛散发出阵阵香气。
累累成排的酒罂与酒瓶,
唯恐自己不能品尝到美酒。
官府卖的酒味道醇厚,村酿的酒味道淡薄;
每日饮用官酒,确实令人快乐。
难道没看见田中种植糯米的农人吗?
他们锅里没有粥饭度过冬春。
反而来到官府购买酒糟充饥,
官吏分发酒糟,还自以为是在施恩德。
可叹那些官吏啊,
他们的职责本应是治理百姓。
他们的衣食不来自养蚕耕田,
他们所学的本是仁义之道。
仁爱本应养育百姓,道义贵在行事适宜;
言论可以上达天听,权力可以施行。
对上不能拓宽国家的利益,
对下不能让百姓免于饥饿。
我在这里饮酒,你们却在吃糟。
你们虽然不责备我,我的罪责又如何能逃?
Farmers grow glutinous rice, the state brews wine;
They tax each measure, down to the smallest sign.
The wine is sold for cash, the dregs are cast aside;
In massive heaps for years, they rot and putrefy.
The fermenting mash bubbles like boiling broth;
The east wind wafts the scent from vats, a fragrant troth.
Rows of jugs and bottles, in a lengthy line,
All fear they'll miss a taste of this intoxicating wine.
State-brewed wine is rich, village brew is thin;
Drinking official wine is truly a joyful sin.
But have you seen the farmers who grew the grain?
Their pots lack porridge to endure winter's pain.
They come to buy the dregs the state has cast away;
Officials handing out the dregs think they're good, they say.
Alas, you officers, whose duty is to lead,
You wear no silk you wove, eat no grain you freed.
Your learning speaks of righteousness and human care,
Benevolence should nurture, justice should be fair.
Your words can reach the high, your strength can be applied,
Yet above, you fail to spread the state's wealth wide;
Below, you cannot fill the hungry people's need.
I drink the wine, while you eat the dregs indeed.
Though you do not blame me, from blame how can I be freed?
官民争利展现资源分配中的治理失衡与博弈。
揭露官府酿酒夺民食的弊政,同情农民困苦。
本诗为杂言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理