四月河水湍，怒风复相乘。
维绝柁亦摧，舟人废其能。
中流急回环，顷刻不可胜。
性命委自然，岂知所依凭。
堤旁多聚观，失色气崩腾。
孰不愿引手，而乏钩与绳。
嗟我亦天幸，既危乃复兴。
追思方厄时，汗出如洗冰。
侧闻前此者，覆溺已屡曾。
此事通为邦，长民可以惩。
因书作长诗，俾不忘战兢。
纪危
全宋诗热度：
★★☆☆☆
刘敞作品热度：
★★★☆☆
诗歌内容
白话文翻译
四月里河水湍急汹涌，
狂暴的风又乘势助长着浪涛。
桅杆断了，船舵也毁了，
船夫的本领再也无法施展。
中流漩涡急速回旋，
顷刻之间便无法承受。
性命只能托付给自然，
哪里知道有什幺可以依靠。
堤岸旁聚集了许多围观的人，
吓得脸色大变，魂飞魄散。
谁不想伸手救援，
却缺乏钩子和绳索。
唉，我也是天赐幸运，
在极度危险之后又得以重生。
追想起刚才遭遇厄难的时候，
汗如雨下，如同冰水浇身。
旁听说在此之前，
翻船溺水的事情已经多次发生。
此事关系到国家治理，
治理百姓的人可以引以为戒。
因此写下这首长诗，
使人们不忘警惕戒惧。
英文翻译
In the fourth month, the river's current runs fierce and fast,
And angry winds come riding on the waves, a furious blast.
The broken mast, the shattered rudder, all the boatman's skill is vain,
The boatman's skill is useless, all his efforts are inane.
In the midstream's swirling vortex, in a moment's fleeting breath,
There is no time for action, it's a desperate dance with death.
Life is left to nature's whim, to fate's uncertain hand,
Who knows what we can cling to, on what solid ground we stand?
On the banks, a crowd has gathered, watching with a pallid face,
Their spirits quail, their courage fails, in this terrifying place.
Who would not wish to lend a hand, to pull them from the tide?
But hooks and ropes are lacking, and no help can be supplied.
Alas, but I was blessed by heaven, fortune smiled on me,
From utmost peril I was saved, from drowning in the sea.
When I recall that time of dread, that moment of despair,
Cold sweat pours down like melting ice, a chill beyond compare.
I've heard that many times before, in days that are now past,
Others met a watery grave, their vessels could not last.
This matter touches on the state, a lesson for the land,
A warning for the governors, who hold the people's hand.
So I compose this lengthy verse, to set the record clear,
That we may never cease to feel a vigilant, trembling fear.
深度解构
面对自然周期的狂暴，展现人类认知的局限与敬畏。
诗意解析
诗意概括
描绘四月黄河风急浪高的险峻景象，暗含对自然威力的敬畏。
格律
仄仄平仄平，仄平仄○○。
平仄仄仄平，平平仄○平。
○平仄平平，○仄仄仄○。
仄仄仄仄平，仄平仄平平。
平仄平仄○，仄仄仄平平。
仄仄仄仄仄，平仄平仄平。
平仄仄平仄，仄平仄仄○。
平○平仄平，仄仄○仄平。
仄○平仄仄，仄仄仄仄平。
仄仄平平平，○平仄仄平。
平平仄○平，仄仄仄仄平。
平仄仄仄平，平平仄○平。
○平仄平平，○仄仄仄○。
仄仄仄仄平，仄平仄平平。
平仄平仄○，仄仄仄平平。
仄仄仄仄仄，平仄平仄平。
平仄仄平仄，仄平仄仄○。
平○平仄平，仄仄○仄平。
仄○平仄仄，仄仄仄仄平。
仄仄平平平，○平仄仄平。
平平仄○平，仄仄仄仄平。
本诗为五言古诗，押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理