去年阳春二月中,守令出郊亲劝农。
红云一道拥归骑,村村镂榜粘春风。
行行蛇蚓字相续,野农不识何由读。
唯闻是年秋,粒颗民不收。
上堂对妻子,炊多籴少饥。
号啾下堂见官吏,税多输少喧征求。
呼官视田吏视釜,官去掉头吏不顾。
内煎外迫两无计,更以饥躯受笞棰。
古来丘垅几多人,此日孱生岂难弃。
今年二月春,重见劝农文。
我勤自锺惰自釜,何用官司劝我氓。
农亦不必劝,文亦不必述。
但愿官民通有无,莫令租吏打门叫呼疾。
或言州家一年三百六十日,念及我农惟此日。
去年阳春二月中,守令出郊亲劝农。
红云一道拥归骑,村村镂榜粘春风。
行行蛇蚓字相续,野农不识何由读。
唯闻是年秋,粒颗民不收。
上堂对妻子,炊多籴少饥。
号啾下堂见官吏,税多输少喧征求。
呼官视田吏视釜,官去掉头吏不顾。
内煎外迫两无计,更以饥躯受笞棰。
古来丘垅几多人,此日孱生岂难弃。
今年二月春,重见劝农文。
我勤自锺惰自釜,何用官司劝我氓。
农亦不必劝,文亦不必述。
但愿官民通有无,莫令租吏打门叫呼疾。
或言州家一年三百六十日,念及我农惟此日。
去年阳春二月的时候,
郡守县令出城郊亲自劝勉农耕。
如红云一般的仪仗簇拥着归去的车马,
村村都张贴着镂刻的榜文,仿佛粘住了春风。
一行行的字像蛇和蚯蚓般连续不断,
乡野农夫不识字,从哪里读起呢?
只听说那年秋天,
颗粒无收。
回到堂上面对妻子儿女,
要煮的饭多,能买来的粮少,全家挨饿。
哭号着下堂去见官吏,
税赋多,能缴纳的少,官吏喧哗着催征。
叫官员来看看田地,叫胥吏来看看锅釜,
官员掉头不理,胥吏也不顾。
内外煎熬逼迫,无计可施,
又让饥饿的身躯遭受鞭打。
古来坟丘中已埋了多少人,
今日这孱弱的生命难道就难以舍弃吗?
今年二月春天,
又见到了劝农的文书。
我勤劳自然收获多,懒惰自然收获少,
哪里需要官府来劝勉我们这些平民。
农人本不必劝,
文书也不必陈述。
只希望官民之间能互通有无,
不要让收租的吏役急急地打门叫喊。
有人说州府一年三百六十天,
想到我们农人的唯有这一天。
Last year in the second month of spring, so bright,
The governor toured the fields to urge farming with might.
A crimson cloud escorted his returning steed,
While every village posted proclamations in the breeze.
Line after line, characters writhed like snake or worm,
The rustic farmer, illiterate, could not discern.
Only heard that autumn of the year,
Not a single grain the people could reap here.
Facing wife and children in the hall,
More to cook, less to buy, hunger befalls all.
Wailing, he goes down to meet the officer's band,
Taxes high, payment low, they clamor and demand.
Call the officer to see the field, the clerk the pot,
The officer turns his head, the clerk cares not.
Pressed from within and without, no plan in sight,
His starving body suffers the lash's bite.
Since ancient times, how many have died in the mound?
Is it hard to abandon a feeble life like this found?
This year in the second month of spring,
Again I see the proclamation urging farming.
If I'm diligent, I'll have a full bell; if lazy, an empty one.
What need have I for officials to urge my clan?
The farmer needs no urging, indeed,
Nor do these proclamations need a read.
I only wish that officials and people share their store,
And not let tax collectors bang on doors, shouting for more.
Some say the state thinks of us farmers, in its way,
Only this single day out of three hundred sixty days a year.
官民互动的劝农仪式,是古代国家进行农业治理的典型实践。
以回忆笔法记述地方官员春日劝农的场景,隐含对农事政策的关注。
本诗为杂言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理