作者固已难,读者亦未易。
有宝斯识宝,至宝况难值。
三家𪧘人子,岂辨瑚琏器。
鼠璞将见珍,周鼎或斡弃。
诗道诚难言,大要该六义。
其高出苍天,其深潜厚地。
枯中发秾华,淡处有余味。
似拙乃藏巧,借钝以宣利。
开阔要波澜,组织须经纬。
或险而莫亲,或平而足贵。
圆转各随形,悟入非力至。
不止事吟哦,先须存兴寄。
变态千万端,胜处同一致。
以此而读诗,庶得古人意。
作者固已难,读者亦未易。
有宝斯识宝,至宝况难值。
三家𪧘人子,岂辨瑚琏器。
鼠璞将见珍,周鼎或斡弃。
诗道诚难言,大要该六义。
其高出苍天,其深潜厚地。
枯中发秾华,淡处有余味。
似拙乃藏巧,借钝以宣利。
开阔要波澜,组织须经纬。
或险而莫亲,或平而足贵。
圆转各随形,悟入非力至。
不止事吟哦,先须存兴寄。
变态千万端,胜处同一致。
以此而读诗,庶得古人意。
作者固然已经很难得,
读者其实也不容易。
有宝物才能识别宝物,
最珍贵的宝物更是难以遇到。
像三家穷人家的孩子,
怎能辨别瑚琏这样的礼器?
鼠璞(似玉的石头)可能被珍视,
而周鼎(珍贵的青铜器)或许被抛弃。
诗道确实难以言说,
大要在于包含'六义'。
它高远超出苍天,
它深邃潜藏厚地。
在枯寂中能开出繁盛的花朵,
在平淡处蕴含着悠长的余味。
看似笨拙实则内藏巧妙,
借用钝拙来宣示利达。
开阔处要有波澜起伏,
组织结构须有经纬纵横。
有的险峻而令人难以亲近,
有的平易而足可珍贵。
圆转变化各自随其形态,
悟入其中并非强力所能达到。
不止是从事吟咏推敲,
首先必须存有兴寄(情感寄托)。
姿态变化有千万种,
但精妙之处有着共同一致的道理。
用这样的方法去读诗,
或许就能领会古人的意旨了。
Hard it is to be a writer, indeed,
Nor is it easy to be a proper reader.
Only with treasure can one treasure heed,
And the rarest gem is harder to meter.
Like paupers' sons from three poor families,
Who could discern the sacrificial vessels' worth?
A rat-shaped jade may be prized by degrees,
While a Zhou tripod might be cast to earth.
The Way of Poetry is hard to define,
Its essence lies in the Six Principles, I'd say.
It soars higher than the azure sky's design,
And delves deeper than the solid earth's clay.
From barrenness, luxuriant blooms arise;
In blandness, a lingering flavor lies.
Clumsiness may conceal a clever guise,
And bluntness can serve to sharpen enterprise.
Open and vast, it needs waves' ebb and flow;
Woven tight, warp and weft must intertwine.
Some steep and aloof, hard for minds to know,
Some plain yet precious, a genuine sign.
Round or square, each follows its own form;
Enlightenment comes not by force, but norm.
Not merely chanting lines in a verse storm,
One must first harbor feeling, deep and warm.
Myriad are its changes and its face,
Yet its finest essence shares one common grace.
Read poetry in this light, and you'll trace
The ancients' meaning, finding its rightful place.
文本的认同构建,是作者与读者间的复杂博弈。
论说诗歌创作与鉴赏皆非易事,强调双向的艰难。
本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理