岷峨叹

作者: 程公许(宋) 体裁:七言古诗

全宋诗热度:
★★☆☆☆
程公许作品热度:
★★★★☆

诗歌内容

出门厌氛嚣,

归卧集万感。

凭高一以眺,

忽觉岷峨惨。

岷峨山色千古同,

非烟非雾愁溟蒙。

杜陵昔叹珠玉走,

彼犹有幸天府供。

人才何但珠玉贵,

不得与尔包贡同上明光宫。

山灵对我有惭色,

兹事如何专汝责。

非关地气有衰旺,

直恐峡山之流日夜荡潏伤土脉。

不然君相造命天地同其公,

车书万里文轨通。

南金东箭输不竭,

岷峨之产何独穷。

沉思夜继日,

叹息复叹息。

忽梦神官自天下,

手持山灵一尺檄。

鸿蒙昔剖分,

帝命作镇主坤文。

石纽之禹为帝平水土,

周家创业系我彭濮人。

纪信忠汉世,

甘受黄屋焚。

何武仗剑起,

义不屈莽新。

费贻任永耻为井蛙辱,

张纲李固义烈排秋旻。

炎精焰冷国鼎峙,

惟我全蜀倔强为汉臣。

人人名节九鼎重,

余事文章兼隠沦。

子云相如王子渊,

康山之李金华陈。

涪江钓叟卜君平,

千载犹能想清尘。

皇皇艺祖得天统,

北辰中天众星拱。

蜀远只在殿西头,

一言撤尽藩墙壅。

陈苏范氏奋孤寒,

事业词华两推重。

渡江勋绩张与虞,

太史之李如晋董。

江汉炳灵世载英,

摭之前牒如丹青。

昔何烜兮今昧昧,

山灵未必真忘情。

富贵由来多捷径,

强聒最为蜀人病。

君不见山泽之臞宋郎中,

奏篇语泄经远屏。

经明行修李兵部,

陛对万言伤骨鲠。

气豪最说薛秘书,

去国七年惟日饮。

陛下何曾雠谠言,

睢盱万目宁汝捐。

伤哉三君皆九原,

抵玉于地那得全。

幸今耆旧满岩穴,

一一无非爽邦哲。

柱史德望国蓍龟,

开府忠丹老弥烈。

参政未起东山卧,

李也立螭著名节。

少卿仙谷勤著书,

渡泸归钓二江雪。

侍郎斥还病少瘳,

校书执丧愤尤切。

庙堂何忍蜀才弃,

渠自方头触人忌。

岷峨为渠方含羞,

渠不知悔尚我尤。

汝行为我丁宁说与诸贤道,

二府荣途岂难到。

九重天上列仙班,

厚禄高官清且要。

凿方何能入枘圆,

使少贬之宁不然。

我闻斯言意戃恍,

梦觉披衣独惆怅。

穷达其如天命何,

为士当先识趣向。

诸贤等是儒中英,

秉心那知有得丧。

凭谁为我谢山灵,

彼达观兮宁可诳。

呜呼参井之躔五十有六州,

文风自古能与齐鲁侔。

三光气全爱护犹如心与腹,

今半天下视之乃若赘与疣。

恋刍伏下姑汝留,

不然朝奏暮斥急理溯峡之扁舟。

君看两三使节晨星犹,

下此六六州县皆依流。

纵有志士能姱修,

长安日远可想不可游。

立贤无方自古训,

谁能叩阍上诉十二之冕旒。

才生于世养之艰而折之易,

譬诸豫章杞梓仓猝宁可求。

风尘澒洞暗宇县,

不有烝徒谁与谋。

白驹空谷长逍遥,

可能絷之永今朝。

白话文翻译

走出门外,厌倦了尘世的喧嚣;

归来躺下,万千感慨涌上心头。

凭靠高处,放眼眺望,

忽然觉得岷山与峨眉山景色凄惨。

岷山与峨眉山的山色千古相同,

不是烟也不是雾,却愁云惨淡、迷蒙不清。

杜甫昔日曾叹息珠玉般的人才流散,

但他们还算幸运,能被天府(朝廷)所用。

人才何止像珠玉那样珍贵,

却不能与你(岷峨之才)一同作为贡品献上明光宫。

山灵对我露出惭愧的神色,

这件事如何能专门归责于你?

并非关乎地气的衰败或旺盛,

只怕峡江的流水日夜冲刷侵蚀,损伤了土地的脉理。

否则,君主宰相造命当与天地同样公正,

车同轨、书同文,万里疆域文化相通。

南方的金、东方的箭,贡赋输送永不枯竭,

为何唯独岷峨的物产(人才)如此困穷?

我沉思不已,夜以继日,

叹息又再叹息。

忽然梦见神官从天而降,

手中拿着山灵的一尺檄文。

远古鸿蒙初开、天地分判之时,

天帝命令你镇守大地、主持坤文(西南之文)。

石纽的大禹为帝平治水土,

周朝创业也联系着我蜀地的彭人、濮人。

纪信忠诚于汉室,甘愿承受黄屋焚身之祸;

何武仗剑而起,坚守大义不屈从王莽新朝。

费贻、任永以做井底之蛙为耻而受辱,

张纲、李固的忠义气节凛然直冲秋日苍穹。

汉室炎精之火冷却、国鼎倾侧之时,

唯有我整个蜀地倔强地坚守为汉臣的节操。

人人看重名节,重于九鼎,

其余的事如文章著述与隐居避世也都兼善。

扬雄、司马相如、王子渊(王褒),

康山的李(?)、金华的陈(?)。

涪江的钓叟严君平,

千年之后仍能想见其清高的风范。

光辉显赫的艺祖(宋太祖)获得天命正统,

如同北辰居于中天,众星环绕拱卫。

蜀地虽远,只在殿廷的西头,

他一句话就撤除了所有藩篱阻隔。

陈、苏、范氏从孤寒中奋起,

事业与文采两者都受到推崇。

南渡后的功绩有张浚与虞允文,

太史李(?)如同晋国的董狐。

江汉之地灵秀,世代承载英杰,

拾取前代典籍,事迹鲜明如丹青。

昔日何等显赫,如今却暗淡不明,

山灵未必真的忘却了情义。

富贵历来多有捷径可走,

强聒不休、直言极谏最是蜀人的毛病。

你难道没看见,山泽清瘦的宋郎中(宋祁?),

奏章言语泄露,被远谪屏弃。

通晓经义、品行修美的李兵部(李?),

殿前应对万言,因骨鲠直言而受伤。

气概豪迈最数薛秘书(薛?),

去国七年,惟以饮酒度日。

陛下何曾仇视过正直的言论?

但众目睽睽、怒目而视,岂能轻易舍弃你?

可悲啊,这三位君子都已归于九原(逝世),

如同将美玉掷地,怎能保全?

幸而如今耆旧贤士布满岩穴,

每一位无不是使国家昌明的贤哲。

柱史(御史)德高望重,是国家的蓍龟(占卜重器),

开府(高级武官)忠肝义胆,年老而更炽烈。

参政(参知政事)尚未从东山卧起,

李公(李?)立于螭首(殿阶)声名节操显著。

少卿在仙谷勤奋著书,

渡过泸水,归来垂钓于二江雪景之中。

侍郎被斥退还朝,病体稍愈,

校书(官名)执守丧礼,悲愤尤为深切。

庙堂(朝廷)怎忍心抛弃蜀地人才?

只是他们自己方头(倔强)触犯了人忌。

岷峨正因他们而含羞,

他们不知悔改,还来责备我。

你且去为我恳切地告诉诸位贤士,

二府(中书、枢密)的荣耀仕途岂难达到?

九重天上排列着仙班,

厚禄高官,清要显贵。

方枘怎能插入圆凿?

让他们稍作贬抑,难道不行吗?

我听了这番话心意恍惚,

梦醒后披衣独自惆怅。

穷困与显达,天命又能如何?

为士之人应当先认清志趣方向。

诸位贤士都是儒林中的英杰,

持守本心,哪知有什么得失计较。

靠谁为我向山灵致谢?

那种达观的态度,岂可欺诳?

唉,参宿和井宿分野的这五十六州,

文风自古就能与齐鲁之地相匹敌。

日月星三光之气完备,爱护它犹如心腹,

如今半个天下看待它却如同赘疣。

像眷恋草料的牲畜伏在厩下,姑且留在此地,

否则早晨上奏晚上就被斥逐,赶紧准备溯峡而上的扁舟。

你看那两三位使节如同晨星般稀少,

其下这六六(众多)州县都随波逐流。

纵使有志之士能够美好修持,

长安日远,可以想象却难以游历。

举荐贤才没有固定方所,是自古的训则,

谁能叩击宫门,向那十二旒冕的皇帝上诉?

人才生于世间,培养艰难而摧折容易,

好比豫章、杞梓这类良木,仓促间怎能求得?

风尘弥漫,天地昏暗,

没有众多贤士,谁来共谋大计?

白驹在空谷中长久逍遥,

怎能将它拴住,永远困于今朝?

我歌声慷慨,岂只是私下为岷峨忧愁,

劳心忧忡,实在是与天地共其先忧。

英文翻译

I step out, weary of the world's clamor;

Return to lie down, a thousand feelings gather.

I climb high and gaze afar,

Suddenly, Min and E's hues turn somber.

The mountains' colors, through ages, remain the same,

Not mist, not smoke, but a sorrowful, hazy frame.

Du Fu once lamented that pearls and jade had fled,

Yet they were still fortunate, in Heaven's storehouse laid.

Talent is worth more than pearls and jade, I plead,

Why can't you, like them, to the Bright Palace proceed?

The mountain spirit wears a face of shame for me,

How can this matter rest solely on thee?

It's not about the earth's energy's decline or rise,

But fear the Gorge's streams erode the land under the skies.

Otherwise, rulers shaping fate, as Heaven's decree,

With unified scripts, carts traverse miles, all lands free.

Southern gold, eastern arrows, tribute never ends,

Why alone are Min and E's products without friends?

I ponder deep, night follows day,

Sighing and sighing, in dismay.

Suddenly, a divine official descends in dream,

Holding a foot-long edict from the mountain, it would seem.

In primal chaos, when the world was split,

The Emperor ordered you to steady the earth's writ.

At Stone Button, Yu leveled floods for the throne,

The Zhou's founding tied to our Peng and Pu's own.

Ji Xin loyal to Han, chose a fiery fate,

Gan, with sword drawn, against the usurper stood straight.

Fei Yi and Ren Yong scorned the frog-in-well's disgrace,

Zhang Gang and Li Gu, righteous, challenged autumn's space.

When the flame of Han grew cold, the tripod stood askew,

Only our whole Shu, stubborn, as Han's subjects true.

Each man's name and integrity, like nine tripods, weigh,

Beyond, their writings and reclusion hold sway.

Ziyun, Xiangru, Wang Ziyuan, in fame they share,

Li of Kangshan, Chen of Jinhua, talents rare.

The old angler of Fu River, Bu Junping's lore,

After a thousand years, his pure dust we still adore.

The glorious founding emperor gained Heaven's line,

The North Star central, all stars in concert shine.

Shu, though distant, at the hall's west end does stay,

One word removed all barriers in the way.

Chen, Su, and Fan rose from humble, lonely cold,

Their deeds and literary arts both extolled.

Crossing the river, merits of Zhang and Yu told,

Li the Grand Historian, like Dong of Jin, bold.

The Jiang and Han's bright spirit, heroes age to age,

Gathered from past records, as vivid as a page.

Once so radiant, now dim and unclear,

The mountain spirit may not truly be insincere.

Wealth and honor often come by shortcuts, it's said,

Shu people's flaw: too loudly their views are spread.

Have you not seen Song Langzhong, gaunt from mountain and mere,

His memorial's words leaked, sent far, to disappear?

Li of the War Ministry, learned and upright,

Ten thousand words to the throne, his bones in grievance tight.

Most spirited, Secretary Xue, we acclaim,

Seven years exiled, only daily drink his aim.

Your Majesty never hated honest speech, in truth,

Yet myriad eyes stare, would you forsake this youth?

Alas, three gentlemen now in the earth's deep breast,

Jade dashed to ground, how can it be whole and blessed?

Fortunately, elders now fill caves and hills,

Each one a wise man who the country's fortune wills.

The Censor's virtue, the state's divining shell,

The General's loyal heart, with age, burns fierce and well.

The Councillor, not yet risen from Eastern Hill's repose,

Li, at the dragon's throne, his famed integrity shows.

Shaoqing, in immortal valley, books compile,

Crossing Lu, back to fish Two Rivers' snow, with style.

The Vice-Minister, recalled though ill, recovers slight,

The Editor in mourning, indignation burns bright.

How can the court bear to discard Shu's talent so?

They, square-headed, touch taboos, and thus must go.

Min and E, for them, now hide in shame,

They, unrepentant, still on me lay blame.

Go, for me, earnestly tell these worthies all,

The two high offices' glory is not a distant call.

In the ninth heaven, immortals in ranks stand,

High posts, fat salaries, pure and in command.

How can a square peg fit a round hole's space?

If slightly demoted, wouldn't that be the case?

Hearing these words, my mind in confusion strays,

Awake, I don my robe, alone in disarray.

Poverty or success, what can we do with Heaven's will?

A scholar must first know where his aspirations fill.

These worthies are all Confucian elites, indeed,

Their hearts hold fast, no thought of gain or need.

Who can, for me, thank the mountain spirit, pray?

That broad perspective—can it be led astray?

Alas, the lodgings of Shen and Jing, fifty-six states,

Their literary grace since olden times with Qi and Lu debates.

The three lights' essence whole, cherished as heart and core,

Now half the world sees them as warts, and nothing more.

Like livestock crouched below, you linger there,

Or else, morning memorial, evening exile, prepare a boat upstream with care.

See, two or three envoys like morning stars are few,

Below, six times six counties all follow the current's flow.

Even if a man of will can cultivate his art,

Chang'an is far, a dream, kept apart.

No fixed way to raise the worthy, an ancient creed,

Who can knock at the palace gate, to the twelve-tasseled crown plead?

Talent, born to the world, nurtured hard but broken swift,

Like camphor trees or catalpa, in haste, can't lift.

Wind and dust darken the realm, a murky plight,

Without multitudes, who will plan for the light?

White colt in empty valley, long at ease,

Could it be tethered forever, if one please?

My song is fervent—not for Min and E alone I sigh,

My anxious heart—it shares Heaven and Earth's worry, high.

深度解构

周期视角下,厌嚣归卧体现个体与环境的动态博弈。

诗意解析

诗意概括

表达对世俗喧嚣的厌倦与归卧后的万千感慨

《岷峨叹》主题、情感、意象与语气

主题: 咏志 · 羁旅 · 思乡

情感: 孤寂 · 惆怅 · 沉郁

意象: · · 氛嚣

语气: 抒情 · 沉郁 · 素淡

格律

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平仄仄仄仄○,
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平○仄○平平,
平仄平仄平平。

本诗为七言古诗,押平声韵。

程公许生平简介

程公许,南宋时期眉州人,具体生卒年不详。他在文学史上以诗文创作闻名,尤其擅长拟古之作,其作品体现了对前代文学传统的继承与个人情感的抒发,是南宋中后期一位具有一定影响力的文人,但流传事迹相对较少。

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