庆历甲申岁,旱极忧民田。
农夫不得耕,相顾愁凶年。
帝心恐民忧,诏遣祈山川。
郡国举祀典,斋戒陈豆笾。
望祭复雩龙,祷之必精虔。
经旬杳无报,旱气增于前。
菑田扬飞尘,井谷无寸泉。
炎炎天地中,草木皆欲燃。
俗云有鳗鱼,灵异古所传。
太守顺民心,命驾而迎焉。
乐以钟鼓音,薰以沈檀烟。
儵惊西郊寒,霭霭离山巅。
急雨下滂沱,迅雷亦填填。
须臾畎亩盈,一境皆欣然。
始为穴中鱼,窃弄阴阳权。
山川岂无神,不能通于天。
蛟龙岂无灵,不能兴于渊。
有若赏罚柄,反使奸臣专。
庆历甲申岁,旱极忧民田。
农夫不得耕,相顾愁凶年。
帝心恐民忧,诏遣祈山川。
郡国举祀典,斋戒陈豆笾。
望祭复雩龙,祷之必精虔。
经旬杳无报,旱气增于前。
菑田扬飞尘,井谷无寸泉。
炎炎天地中,草木皆欲燃。
俗云有鳗鱼,灵异古所传。
太守顺民心,命驾而迎焉。
乐以钟鼓音,薰以沈檀烟。
儵惊西郊寒,霭霭离山巅。
急雨下滂沱,迅雷亦填填。
须臾畎亩盈,一境皆欣然。
始为穴中鱼,窃弄阴阳权。
山川岂无神,不能通于天。
蛟龙岂无灵,不能兴于渊。
有若赏罚柄,反使奸臣专。
庆历甲申这一年,
干旱严重,让百姓的田地十分堪忧。
农夫无法耕种,
面面相觑,为荒年发愁。
皇帝心系百姓的忧虑,
下诏令向山川祈雨。
各州郡举行祭祀典礼,
斋戒后陈列祭品。
遥望祭祀并呼唤雨龙,
祈祷必定精诚虔敬。
过了十来天杳无音信,
旱情比之前更加严重。
受灾的田地尘土飞扬,
井和山谷没有一滴泉水。
天地之间炎热无比,
草木都像要燃烧起来。
民间传说有一种鳗鱼,
灵异非常,自古流传。
太守顺应民心,
命人驾车去迎接它。
用钟鼓之音取悦它,
用沉香檀烟熏染它。
忽然西郊感到一阵寒意,
浓云从山巅弥漫开来。
急雨倾盆而下,
迅雷也隆隆作响。
不一会儿田垄沟渠都满了,
整个地区都欢欣鼓舞。
起初不过是洞穴中的一条鱼,
却暗中操纵着阴阳权柄。
山川难道没有神灵吗?
却不能上达于天。
蛟龙难道没有灵性吗?
却不能从深渊兴起。
这就好比赏罚的权力,
反而被奸臣所把持。
In the year of Jia-Shen, under Qingli's reign,
A dire drought tormented the people's fields.
Farmers could not plow the land,
Gazing at each other, they feared a year of famine.
The Emperor, fearing for his people's plight,
Decreed prayers to the mountains and streams.
The prefectures and states held solemn rites,
Fasting, they displayed beans and bamboo vessels.
They gazed and sacrificed, and called upon the rain-dragon,
Praying with utmost sincerity and devotion.
For ten days, no response came,
The drought's severity only grew.
Blighted fields raised clouds of dust,
Wells and valleys held not a drop of spring.
In the blazing heat between heaven and earth,
Every plant and tree seemed ready to ignite.
Common lore spoke of a giant eel,
A creature of numinous power, famed since ancient times.
The governor, yielding to the people's will,
Ordered his carriage to go and welcome it.
They pleased it with music of bells and drums,
And perfumed the air with sandalwood and aloes smoke.
Suddenly, a chill swept the western outskirts,
And thick clouds gathered, leaving the mountain peaks.
A torrential downpour began to fall,
And rapid thunder rumbled loud and deep.
In moments, the furrows and fields were filled,
And the entire region rejoiced with one heart.
At first, it was but a fish in a cave,
Presumptuously wielding the power of Yin and Yang.
Do the mountains and streams lack spirits?
Yet they could not reach the heavens.
Do the flood-dragons lack numinous power?
Yet they could not rise from the deep pools.
It is as if the handle of reward and punishment
Is left to the monopoly of treacherous ministers.
诗人对自然灾害的忧虑,体现了古代治理者对民生周期的深刻关注。
诗人记述庆历年间大旱,表达对农田与百姓生计的深切忧虑。
本诗为五言古诗,押平声韵。
东山书院编辑整理